Battery Construction Chapter 11 - Batteries And Power Systems. The word battery simply means a group of similar components. Internet version of This Manual Created June, 1998 HYDROELECTRIC RESEARCH AND TECHNICAL SERVICES GROUP The Appearance of the Internet Version of This. Battery charging and specific gravity temperature correction. Animation of Lead-Acid Battery Construction Click here to launch animation player. Secondary cell batteries are constructed using the various secondary cells already described. The lead-acid battery is. SPECIFICATION FEATURES DIMENSIONS. Sure-Lites LED emergency light with nickel cadmium battery and Patented EZ hang installation feature. Construction of Lead Acid Battery. There are mainly two parts in a lead acid battery. 2.Lithium Battery Development at Nissan. 3.Lithium Battery System Design and Safety. Lithium Battery Development at Nissan. Lithium Battery System Design and. PowerPoint Presentation Last. Plates (Electrodes) Plate construction is the key to producing a good battery. Recognizing this, Power-Sonic utilizes the latest technology and equipment to cast grids from a lead-calcium alloy free of antimony. Lead acid batteries used in the RV and Marine Industries usually consist of two 6-volt batteries in series, or a single 12-volt battery. CHARACTERISTICS OF RECHARGEABLE BATTERIES N Chester Simpson National Semiconductor. The Charge/Discharge Curve. BATTERY BASICS Visit us on the web: www.autoshop101. Battery construction provides a deeper well area to allow a slight water loss over the life of the battery. No provision for adding water to the cells is provided because. The container and plates. Lead Acid Battery Container. As this battery container mainly contains sulfuric acid hence the materials used for making a lead acid battery container must be resistant to sulfuric acid. The material container should also be free from those impurities which deterious to the sulfuric acid. Especially iron and manganese are intolerable. The container is tightly sealed with top cover. The top cover has three holes, one at each end for the posts and one in the middle for vent plug and through which the electrolyte is poured and gases escape out. At inside bottom floor of lead acid battery container, there are two ribs to hold the positive lead acid battery plates and another two ribs to hold the negative plates. The ribs or prisms serve as supports for the plates and at the same time protect them from short- circuits that would otherwise occur as a result of fall of the active material from the plates on to the bottom of the container. The container is most basic part of construction of ead acid battery . These are known after the names of their inventors. Plante plates of formed lead acid battery plates. Faure plates or pasted lead acid battery plates. When an current is passed into this lead acid cell from an external supply, then due to electrolysis, hydrogen and oxygen are evolved. At anode, oxygen attacks lead converting it into Pb. O2 whereas cathode is unaffected because hydrogen can form no compound with Pb. If the cell is now discharged then peroxide- coated plate becomes cathode, so hydrogen forms on it and combines with the oxygen of Pb. O2 to form water thus. PB2 + 2. H2. Hence the anode becomes covered with a thin film of Pb. O2. By continuous reversal of the current or by charging and discharging the thin film of Pb. O2 will become thicker and thicker and the cell polarity will take increasingly longer time to reverse. Two lead plates after being subjected to hundreds of reversals will acquire a skin of lead peroxide thick enough to process sufficiently high capacity. This process of making positive plates is known as formation. The negative lead acid battery plates are made of same process. The superficial area of lead acid battery plate can be increased by grooving or laminating. The figure shows a Plante positive plate which consists of a pure lead grid with finely laminated surfaces. The construction of these plates consists of a large number of thin vertical lamination which are strengthened at intervals by horizontal binding ribs. This results in increase of superficial area by a large extend. The main feature of construction of lead acid battery is to accommodate a large volume of active materials i. The negative lead acid battery plates can also be manufactured by this process but for negative plate this process is impracticable. The active material which is in the form of red lead (Pb. O4) or litharge (Pb. O) or the mixture of two in various proportions, is pressed into the interstices of a thin lead grid which also serves as conductor of current. After pasting the grids with active material the plates are dried, hardened and assembled in a weak solution of sulfuric acid of specific gravity 1. For forming negative plate these plate are connected as cathodes. The oxygen evolved at the anode converts the lead oxide (Pb. Automotive Battery Construction PdfO4) into lead peroxide (Pb. O2)and hydrogen evolved at cathode reduces the lead monoxide (Pb. O) into sponge lead (Pb). A high lead oxide, such as Pb. O4 is used from economic considerations both in current and time, although in practice a mixture of Pb. O4 is employed. Faure process is much suitable for manufacturing of negative Faure plates rather than positive lead acid battery plates. In order to obtain large capacity in smaller construction of lead acid battery, a large surface must be exposed to the electrolyte, and since the size of a single plate is limited, so to increase capacity of lead acid battery number of negative and positive plates are connected in parallel. The adjoining positive and negative plates are separated by placing an insulated berries or separators between them. The separators are made of either plastic, fiberglass, hard rubber or wood. The number of negative plates in a cell is always more than one of number of positive plates so that end plates at both sides of the group remain negative. This is done so that all positive plates can work equally well from both sides. This assembly of positive and negative plates are immersed in the diluted sulfuric acid in the lead acid battery container. The battery has two terminals - the positive and negative.
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